Lithium-ion batteries prevail over the market for portable electronics due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low self-discharge rate. Nonetheless, the demand for lithium-ion batteries in emerging applications such as electric vehicles and grid storage has placed increased pressure on the supply chain of essential battery

Understanding our environment around us hinges on grasping the fundamental principles of atomic arrangement. Every material is composed of unique atoms structured in specific arrangements. These atoms interact through interactions, yielding entirely novel materials. By analyzing these processes, we can dissect the complexity of matter's behavior.

Chemical formation is a cornerstone of modern society. From the pharmaceuticals that treat disease to the products that compose our environment, chemical synthesis are vital to our comfort. Through the deliberate manipulation of atoms and components, chemists construct a diverse range of substances that shape our world. Thanks to the man-made manuf